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环境经济学workshop：Valuing Ecosystem Services of Coastal Wetlands: Protection from Hurricane Storm Surge
发布日期：2018-05-22 08:40 来源：北京大学国家发展研究院
时间：2018年5月22日（周二）15:00-17:00
地点：北大国发院/中国经济研究中心致福轩会议室
主持人：徐晋涛
主讲人：Margaret Walls, Senior Fellow, Resources for the Future
题目：
Valuing Ecosystem Services of Coastal Wetlands: Protection from Hurricane Storm Surge
简介：
Storm surge associated with hurricanes and tsunamis is responsible for the greatest loss of life and property damage in coastal storms. Wetlands have been found to attenuate the impact of storm surge by reducing wave energy, erosion and currents velocity, but the magnitude of these impacts can vary significantly by storm and by location. Furthermore, whether this protective service has economic value depends on the number of properties and people being protected and the value of the properties. In this study, we develop an integrated economic-engineering framework for quantifying the value of wetlands in protecting properties from storm surge in the Chesapeake Bay region of Maryland and Virginia in five historical hurricanes. The impact of wetlands in reducing coastal flooding is evaluated by a hydrodynamic model coupled with a wave model (ADCIRC+SWAN), using two simulations: a baseline with the land cover in place at the time of the hurricane and a counterfactual simulation in which all wetland land cover is replaced with bare land. The difference in flooded area and flood depths shows the attenuation function of wetlands in the region. To estimate the dollar value of that service, we combine parcel-level residential property values with flood depth-damage functions; the difference in damages between the two simulations is our estimate of the value of the protective service provided by wetlands. Finally, to assess the marginal protective service value of an additional wetland acre, we regress the value estimates by Census tract on wetland acreage in the tract and several control variables. We find that wetlands in the Chesapeake Bay region provided protective services in all five of the hurricanes we analyzed, ranging in value from $120 million to over $1 billion, and that the value is highest in the worst hurricanes, which means that wetlands and other natural lands may become increasingly valuable with climate change if storms worsen as expected. We also find, however, that the value varies substantially across the landscape.
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环境经济学workshop：Valuing Ecosystem Services of Coastal Wetlands: Protection from Hurricane Storm Surge
发布日期：2018-05-22 08:40 来源：北京大学国家发展研究院
时间：2018年5月22日（周二）15:00-17:00
地点：北大国发院/中国经济研究中心致福轩会议室
主持人：徐晋涛
主讲人：Margaret Walls, Senior Fellow, Resources for the Future
题目：
Valuing Ecosystem Services of Coastal Wetlands: Protection from Hurricane Storm Surge
简介：
Storm surge associated with hurricanes and tsunamis is responsible for the greatest loss of life and property damage in coastal storms. Wetlands have been found to attenuate the impact of storm surge by reducing wave energy, erosion and currents velocity, but the magnitude of these impacts can vary significantly by storm and by location. Furthermore, whether this protective service has economic value depends on the number of properties and people being protected and the value of the properties. In this study, we develop an integrated economic-engineering framework for quantifying the value of wetlands in protecting properties from storm surge in the Chesapeake Bay region of Maryland and Virginia in five historical hurricanes. The impact of wetlands in reducing coastal flooding is evaluated by a hydrodynamic model coupled with a wave model (ADCIRC+SWAN), using two simulations: a baseline with the land cover in place at the time of the hurricane and a counterfactual simulation in which all wetland land cover is replaced with bare land. The difference in flooded area and flood depths shows the attenuation function of wetlands in the region. To estimate the dollar value of that service, we combine parcel-level residential property values with flood depth-damage functions; the difference in damages between the two simulations is our estimate of the value of the protective service provided by wetlands. Finally, to assess the marginal protective service value of an additional wetland acre, we regress the value estimates by Census tract on wetland acreage in the tract and several control variables. We find that wetlands in the Chesapeake Bay region provided protective services in all five of the hurricanes we analyzed, ranging in value from $120 million to over $1 billion, and that the value is highest in the worst hurricanes, which means that wetlands and other natural lands may become increasingly valuable with climate change if storms worsen as expected. We also find, however, that the value varies substantially across the landscape.
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