China Economic Quarterly International (CEQI)

Volume 3, Number 3

September 2023

 

The Impact of tariff increase on export and employment of Chinese firms

Yang Ding, Yuanchun Liu

 

The appropriate level of financial inclusion: The perspective of financial stability

Xiuping Hua, Jianda Bi, Haoqian Shi

 

Education burden reduction, family education investment, and education equity

Zikun Zhou, Xiaoyan Lei, Yan Shen

 

The health and welfare effects of environmental regulation

Qiang Xie, Jin Feng

 

The effects of the entries by bike-sharing platforms on urban air quality

Guangyu Cao, Li-An Zhou, Chang Liu, Jingxin Zhou

 

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The Impact of tariff increase on export and employment of Chinese firms

Yang Ding, Yuanchun Liu

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of the tariff increase implemented by the U.S. in 2018 on Chinese firms' export and subsequent employment adjustment. Under the influence of front run shipment and expected stock pile, the export volume increased by 10% after the tariff increase in 2018. While firm employment remains stable, the average working hour and wage increased. In 2019, with the impact of tariff increase gradually emerging, the export volume declined significantly. However, Chinese exporter did not cut jobs on a large scale. Instead, they reduced the per capita working hour and other employment costs, leading to a simultaneous decline in wage and non-cash benefits. The latter contributes to more than 42% of the decline. Our study indicates that the impact of tariff on employment is mainly reflected in the intensive rather than extensive margin.

 

The appropriate level of financial inclusion: The perspective of financial stability

Xiuping Hua, Jianda Bi, Haoqian Shi

Abstract

We construct a global financial inclusion index using data from the World Bank, IMF, and V-Lab and propose an inverted U-shaped relationship between financial inclusion and financial stability. The empirical evidence supports our hypotheses, and the impact of financial inclusion on financial stability is less prominent under strong regulation and supervision. In addition, we use our constructed financial inclusion index, capital adequacy ratio, market power, and macroeconomic variables to simulate and predict the financial crisis. Our research has important policy implications and provides valuable insights to financial regulatory authorities in making decisions related to financial inclusion and financial stability.

 

Education burden reduction, family education investment, and education equity

Zikun Zhou, Xiaoyan Lei, Yan Shen

Abstract

How to effectively reduce the burden of students has received widespread attention in recent years. A series of burden reduction policies have been issued, yet there exists large dispute over the effectiveness of these policies. To assess the impact of the burden reduction policies, we construct a theoretical model and test its hypotheses with the constructed policy index and micro-level information from the CFPS dataset. We find that the burden reduction policies implemented during 2005–2018 were generally ineffective, but enlarged the difference in both family education investments and education output between students from high and low income families.

 

The health and welfare effects of environmental regulation

Qiang Xie, Jin Feng

Abstract

Using the difference-in-differences method, we examine the impact of environmental regulation on individual health, employment, income, and welfare. We find that environmental regulation significantly improves health, but reduces employment and wage levels, although the effect on income is not statistically significant. The impact of environmental regulation is heterogeneous at different stages of economic development, and the high-age and the less educated are the main gainers and bearers of health benefits and economic costs. The welfare effect suggests that the welfare gains from improved health due to environmental regulation effectively compensate for the welfare losses from reduced employment.

 

The effects of the entries by bike-sharing platforms on urban air quality

Guangyu Cao, Li-An Zhou, Chang Liu, Jingxin Zhou

Abstract

We study the effects of bike-sharing usage on urban air quality in China. Our Difference-in-Differences strategy exploits the staggered entries by two leading bike-sharing companies, ofo and Mobike, and utilizes city-day panel data. We find that the entries of the two bike-sharing platforms can reduce PM2.5 by 3.832 ​μg/m3. Further analyses imply that the effects are more conspicuous on pollutants from the exhaust emission of vehicles, increase with the usage intensity of bike-sharing service, and are more pronounced in cities with well-developed rail transit or those located in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Air Pollution Transmission Channel.